High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks. The first such system began operations in Japan in 1964 and was widely known as the bullet train. High-speed trains normally operate on standard gauge tracks of continuously welded rail on grade-separated right-of-way that incorporates a large turning radius in its design.
Many countries have developed high-speed rail to connect major cities, including Austria, Belgium, China (PRC), France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan (ROC), Turkey, United Kingdom, United States and Uzbekistan. Only in Europe does HSR cross international borders.
While high-speed rail is usually designed for passenger travel, some high-speed systems also offer freight service.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-speed_rail
http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2009/aug/05/rail-transport-transport
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